- Linear Regression - To make predictions for sales forecast, price optimization, marketing optimization, financial risk assessment.
- Logistic Regression - To predict customer churn, to predict response versus advertisement spending, predict lifetime value of customer, and to monitor how business decisions affect predicted churn rates.
- Naive Bayes - Build spam detector, analyze customer sentiments, or automatically categorize products, customers or competitors.
- K-means clustering - Useful for cost modeling and customer segmentation
- Hierarchical clustering - Model business processes, or to segment customers based on survey responses, hierarchical clustering will probably come in handy.
- K-nearest neighbor classification - Type of instance based learning. use it for text document classification, financial distress prediction modeling, and competitor analysis and classification.
- Principal component analysis - Dimensionality reduction method that you can use for detecting fraud, for speech recognition, and for spam detection.
Error requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool Max retries exceeded with url: (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: Missing Authority Key Identifier (_ssl.c:1028)'))). Analysis & Solution Recently, we updated from Python 3.11 to 3.13, which resulted in error above. We did verify AKI = SKI in chain of certificates. Also, imported chain of certificates into certifi. Nothing worked for us. Seemingly, it is a bug with Python 3.13. So, we downgraded to Python 3.12 and it started working. Other problems and solution - '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self-signed certificate in certificate chain (_ssl.c:1006)'))) solution pip install pip-system-certs [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1006) solution 1# openssl s_client -showcerts -connect signin.aws.amazon.com:443 </dev/...
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